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Marble is a rock widely used in buildings, monuments, and sculptures. It consists chiefly of calcite or dolomite, or a combination of these carbonate minerals. Marble is a type of metamorphic rock formed from limestone. Marble is found in many countries, including Turkey,Taiwan, Belgium, France, Great Britain, Greece, India, Italy, and Spain. Marble is formed from limestone by heat and pressure in the earth's crust. These forces cause the limestone to change in texture and makeup. This process is called recrystallization. Fossilized materials in the limestone, along with its original carbonate minerals, recrystallise and form large, coarse grains of calcite. Impurities present in the limestone during recrystallization affect the mineral composition of the marble that forms. The minerals that result from impurities give marble wide variety of colors. The purest calcite marble is white. Marble containing hematite has a reddish color. Marble that has limonite is yellow, and marble with serpentine is green. Marble does not split easily into sheets of equal size and must be mined carefully. The rock may shatter if explosives are used. Blocks of marble are mined with channeling machines, which cut grooves and holes in the rock,

Turkey has been one of the oldest marble producers in the world with its 4000 years background in marble production starting on the Marmara Island.Having a considerable and quite divers minerals base, Turkey also has one of the world's largest natural stone reserves, which are considered to be excellent quality wise due to great variety of colours and textures.there are extensive marble deposits in these reserves which demonstrate an important potential in Turkey.Marble is extracted from big and small quarries estimated to the number around 1500 factories that can handle the entire marble processing treatment.

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